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Key performance points of a carbon dioxide laser tube
What are the factors affecting the performance of sealed-off CO2 laser tubes, mostly used for laser cutting and marking?
1. Power: This is equivalent to the force of a blade. Insufficient power will not cut through the material. Greater cutting force naturally yields better results. This requires coaxial alignment of the optical axis and the discharge tube, along with a good gas mixture and appropriate pressure. The gap in this metric among industry players is already small.
2. Energy Distribution: This is equivalent to the sharpness of the blade. Different distributions of laser energy output result in different energy densities after focusing. The higher and more concentrated the single peak value, the higher the energy density after focusing. This metric is equivalent to the sharpness of the blade. For the same power wattage, there is a significant difference after focusing between a wide, flat energy distribution and a narrow, high peak distribution. A wide, flat distribution is like a dull blade, while a narrow, high peak is like a sharp blade, resulting in a difference of more than 20-30% in cutting efficiency. To improve energy density, many manufacturers use plano-convex output mirrors to make the beam thinner at the point of use. This metric can also be improved by adjusting the parameters of the reflector and output mirror, reducing the inner diameter of the discharge tube, and improving the coating technology of the lenses. Since the reduction range of the inner diameter of the discharge tube is limited, the combination of lens parameters is currently more practical. With a good combination, the output light will have a high-energy core. When spot-shot onto cardboard, there will be a small pit of about one millimeter in the center of the spot. The cardboard should be 1.5 meters away from the output mirror, as this distance is roughly the average distance for laser use.
3. Frequency Distribution: This is equivalent to the material of the blade. Lasers are generally a mixture of multiple frequencies, with multiple peak distributions. If the energy is concentrated in easily absorbed wavelengths, the cutting effect is better; otherwise, it is worse. A simple test is to shine the light onto a brick. Good light, due to good absorption, generates heat and vaporizes quickly, resulting in a vigorous reaction, and the light will appear dazzlingly bright and brilliant, with a sizzling melting sound and rapid smoke emission. Conversely, if the light is yellowish and not very bright, the spectrum is unreliable. The power meter may measure a high power, but it is concentrated in the less easily absorbed spectrum. This is related to the gas mixture, lens coating technology parameters, and the material of the inner wall of the discharge tube.
The above is based on the premise that the tube shell is qualified and the capillary is well-aligned and made of high-quality materials. These are three factors affecting the laser's performance, equivalent to the power, sharpness, and material of a blade. All are equally important. By optimizing these three points, a high-quality CO2 laser tube light source can be produced. This only refers to the light source indicators and does not involve lifespan.
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2021-07-19
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